What type of fracture extends through the skin?

A compound fracture, also known as an open fracture, is characterized by the bone breaking and protruding through the skin. This type of fracture poses a significant risk for infection due to the exposure of the bone and surrounding tissue to the external environment.

In contrast, a comminuted fracture involves the bone being broken into multiple pieces, but it does not necessarily extend through the skin. A simple fracture, or closed fracture, is one where the skin remains intact around the fracture site, preventing external exposure. A greenstick fracture, typically seen in children, refers to an incomplete fracture where the bone bends and partially breaks but does not break all the way through; this also does not compromise the skin.

The defining characteristic of a compound fracture is its open nature, which elevates the urgency for medical intervention to prevent complications such as infection and ensure proper healing.